316 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
The study reports that ACAi-001, a novel covalent HIV-1 capsid inhibitor identified through in silico screening, uniquely induces aberrant capsid multimerization and degradation by binding to specific residues, thereby disrupting viral core integrity and inhibiting HIV-1 replication.
Using ribosome profiling and cryo-EM on the *E. coli* homodimer PheA, this study reveals that co-translational assembly of homo-oligomeric proteins primarily occurs in *trans* between neighboring mRNAs to form large polysomal networks, challenging the assumption that such interactions mainly happen in *cis* on the same transcript.
This study demonstrates that a single inherited CD46 allele containing a specific six-amino-acid substitution confers reduced susceptibility to Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in heterozygous cattle, indicating that this resistance trait can be effectively disseminated through conventional breeding without requiring homozygosity.
This study demonstrates that farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a critical, distinct regulator of liver homeostasis and fibrosis, driving specific transcriptional programs and mediating the anti-fibrotic effects of FXR agonists like tropifexor.
The paper introduces SCISSOR, a high-throughput single-cell method that infers global ribosomal structural states and translation activity by analyzing differential rRNA protection, thereby revealing systematic translational regulation across the cell cycle and during stem cell differentiation that is invisible to existing transcriptomic or ribosome-profiling techniques.
The study introduces TrueLAMP, a colorimetric LAMP formulation that effectively suppresses primer-driven nonspecific amplification to achieve 100% specificity and stable endpoint detection across various heating devices, thereby enhancing the reliability of isothermal nucleic acid testing without compromising sensitivity.
This study reveals that peptidomimetic inhibitors promote SARS-CoV-2 main protease dimerization by rigidifying the interface, whereas ebselen disrupts dimerization via an allosteric covalent modification at C300, highlighting distinct inhibitory mechanisms for future drug design.
This study reveals that the microtubule plus-end tracking protein Bim1 interacts with the S. cerevisiae Ndc80 complex via a conserved SxIP motif and a secondary helical site to strengthen microtubule attachments, a process that is regulated by Ipl1/Aurora B kinase-mediated phosphorylation to facilitate the destabilization of erroneous kinetochore-microtubule connections during error correction.
This study presents cryo-EM structures of the metabolic receptor GPR119 bound to its endogenous lipid agonist OEA in complex with Gs and Gq proteins, revealing how distinct ligand conformations and an extended TM5 helix govern G protein selectivity to provide a structural basis for developing pathway-specific therapeutics.
This study utilizes single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to reveal that while mechanical overload induces a youthful transcriptional signature in aged resident myonuclei, the age of the host muscle dictates the divergent terminal transcriptional states of skeletal muscle stem cell-derived myonuclei, directing them toward neuromuscular junctions in aged muscle and myotendinous junctions in adult muscle through Runx1-mediated specialization.